Understanding Neurodiversity-Affirming Therapy

Defining Neurodivergence

Every brain works differently, each with its own set of strengths and challenges. Some individuals process information in similar ways, which means they may share a particular “neurotype.” Those whose cognitive functioning aligns with the majority are often labeled “neurotypical,” whereas individuals with neurological differences from the norm are known as “neurodivergent.” Neurodivergence includes a wide range of conditions such as autism, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), dyslexia, and Tourette syndrome, among others.

Because society is primarily structured around the needs of neurotypical individuals, neurodivergent people often face heightened levels of stress, anxiety, and other mental health concerns. For instance, sensory sensitivities—like sensitivity to loud sounds or strong smells—can make everyday environments such as classrooms or supermarkets overwhelming and draining.

What Is Neurodiversity-Affirming Therapy?

Neurodiversity-affirming therapy is a therapeutic approach that recognises and respects neurodivergent differences, rather than framing them as issues to be corrected or eliminated. The focus is on helping individuals navigate areas of difficulty while acknowledging that their way of thinking and experiencing the world is simply different—not wrong.

Many established therapeutic methods, including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), can be adapted to follow a neurodiversity-affirming model. In this format, treatment remains evidence-based but is tailored to meet the unique needs, preferences, and communication styles of each client.

Examples of What Neurodiversity-Affirming Therapy May Include:

• Learning to recognise and manage sensory overload, such as identifying specific triggers and preparing strategies to cope

• Developing tools to enhance executive functioning (planning, concentration, time management) and knowing when to seek external support

• Identifying early warning signs of stress and burnout

• Building strategies for coping with challenging or high-stress situations

• Exploring identity and fostering a strong sense of self-acceptance

• Discovering ways to self-regulate through special interests and personal passions

• Learning to reduce masking behaviours and feel comfortable being your authentic self in safe environments

• Recognising your personal strengths and learning how to use them effectively in different areas of life

  
  
  
  

Ultimately, the goal of neurodiversity-affirming therapy is to help neurodivergent individuals feel empowered and capable of building a meaningful life on their own terms. This approach is equally valuable for those who suspect they may be neurodivergent but have not yet received a formal diagnosis. Pursuing a diagnosis is a personal decision and can be discussed with a qualified healthcare professional.

Written by Debbie Davis, debbiedavistherapy.com